What was a series of campaigns over control of the throne of France that involved English and French royal families?

The Hundred Years War was a significant series of conflicts fought between England and France from 1337 to 1453, primarily over claims to the French throne. The rivalry stemmed from complex feudal relations and territorial disputes, particularly regarding the lands in France that belonged to the English crown.

Key figures in this struggle included notable monarchs such as Edward III of England, who asserted his claim to the French throne through his mother, Isabella of France, and Charles VII of France, who ultimately emerged victorious with the aid of figures like Joan of Arc.

This prolonged conflict not only shaped national identities but also had profound impacts on the social and political structures of both nations, leading to significant changes in military tactics and the role of common soldiers in warfare. The conclusion of the war marked the end of English territorial ambitions in France (except for the Calais region) and helped solidify a sense of nationalism in both England and France.